What do geologic maps primarily show?

Geologic maps primarily show the distribution of rocks at the Earth's surface. These maps provide detailed information on the types of rocks, their ages, and their relationships with one another in a specific area. Geologists utilize this information to understand the geological history of that region, assess natural resources, and evaluate hazards such as land stability or seismic activity.

While understanding underground mineral distribution is important, geologic maps focus specifically on what is visible at the surface, where geological formations can be examined directly. Although tectonic plate locations are significant in geology, they are more commonly represented in specialized maps that show the outlines and movements of plates rather than the detailed rock types and structures in a given area. Similarly, soil types are covered by soil maps rather than geologic maps, which emphasize rock formations instead.