What is the function of a compass clinometer in geological mapping?

The function of a compass clinometer in geological mapping is to measure the orientation and tilt of rock layers. This instrument combines a magnetic compass and an inclinometer, allowing geologists to determine the directional orientation (azimuth) of geological features, such as faults or bedding planes, as well as the angle (dip) at which those features incline relative to the horizontal plane. Understanding the orientation and tilt of rock layers is essential for interpreting geological history and for tasks such as resource exploration, hazard assessment, and understanding geologic structure.

Measuring temperature changes in rock, gauging soil moisture levels, and analyzing mineral composition are not functions of a compass clinometer. These tasks require different tools and methods, such as thermometers for temperature, moisture meters for soil moisture, and various analytical techniques (like spectroscopy or microscopy) for mineral composition analysis. Thus, the compass clinometer's specialized role in assessing the spatial arrangement of rock layers is what makes it vital for geological mapping.